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Table 1 Abundance of taxa (mean percent cover ± SE, n = 18 quadrats) at each elevation zone on each studied shore in Helgoland

From: Species richness and diversity across rocky intertidal elevation gradients in Helgoland: testing predictions from an environmental stress model

Taxon Nord-Ost Hafen Kringel Bunker
Low Middle High Low Middle High Low Middle High
Seaweeds
 Blidingia spp. 0.67 ± 0.67 3.61 ± 1.20 12.11 ± 4.00 0.17 ± 0.17 1.06 ± 0.38 22.11 ± 4.55    18.11 ± 5.18
 Ceramium virgatum 0.25 ± 0.13         
 Chaetomorpha melangonium 2.69 ± 0.67 0.67 ± 0.27   0.28 ± 0.17      
 Chondrus crispus 3.39 ± 1.16    13.78 ± 4.03 0.06 ± 0.06   4.97 ± 2.28 0.06 ± 0.06  
 Cladophora rupestris 13.72 ± 3.42 3.19 ± 1.41   2.92 ± 1.50 0.25 ± 0.12   1.22 ± 0.43 0.58 ± 0.16 1.11 ± 0.59
 Cladostephus spongiosus 0.33 ± 0.33         
 Corallina officinalis        0.33 ± 0.18   
 Cystoclonium purpureum 0.11 ± 0.11         
 Dumontia contorta     0.11 ± 0.11      
 Elachista fucicola 1.81 ± 0.82 0.86 ± 0.50 0.03 ± 0.03 0.06 ± 0.06 0.81 ± 0.43 0.31 ± 0.23   0.31 ± 0.28 0.17 ± 0.08
 Filamentous red alga 0.50 ± 0.44     0.06 ± 0.06    0.17 ± 0.11  
 Fucus sp. 0.50 ± 0.35 0.39 ± 0.24   0.06 ± 0.06 2.39 ± 1.07 1.22 ± 0.78 0.17 ± 0.11   0.72 ± 0.67
 Fucus serratus 70.78 ± 5.84 30.00 ± 8.89   9.11 ± 4.17 25.39 ± 7.39 1.33 ± 1.33 6.11 ± 4.19 3.56 ± 2.60 39.33 ± 10.07
 Fucus spiralis    0.44 ± 0.44 1.33 ± 1.33 82.50 ± 4.91 77.33 ± 7.12    50.67 ± 9.92
 Fucus vesiculosus   8.72 ± 5.83 11.00 ± 4.10   0.89 ± 0.89 0.44 ± 0.44   11.94 ± 3.73 18.22 ± 6.20
 Hildenbrandia rubra 0.22 ± 0.17 0.06 ± 0.06 0.06 ± 0.06 0.17 ± 0.08 0.25 ± 0.09 1.78 ± 0.35 0.69 ± 0.23 1.33 ± 0.39 6.39 ± 1.30
 Laminaria sp. 0.06 ± 0.06         
 Laminaria digitata 1.22 ± 0.87         
 Mastocarpus stellatus 33.67 ± 5.38 89.22 ± 5.02 42.17 ± 6.00 52.00 ± 7.34 35.56 ± 5.93 3.22 ± 1.27 55.17 ± 6.22 89.50 ± 3.44 12.50 ± 2.01
 Membranoptera alata 0.06 ± 0.06 0.03 ± 0.03        
 Phymatolithon sp. 4.17 ± 1.15 1.17 ± 0.30 0.08 ± 0.06 0.67 ± 0.25 0.14 ± 0.11 0.11 ± 0.11 8.61 ± 1.80 6.89 ± 1.84 7.83 ± 1.94
 Plumaria elegans 0.06 ± 0.06         
 Porphyra sp. 0.06 ± 0.06 0.19 ± 0.12 4.61 ± 2.59 1.44 ± 0.89 0.06 ± 0.06 1.36 ± 0.66    
 Ralfsia sp.   0.17 ± 0.08 9.36 ± 1.65 3.75 ± 1.33 1.44 ± 0.45   0.78 ± 0.42 0.22 ± 0.09 1.25 ± 0.79
 Red alga 0.17 ± 0.17         
 Rhodothamniella floridula 3.89 ± 0.93 0.53 ± 0.39   0.03 ± 0.03 0.08 ± 0.06     0.33 ± 0.24
 Ulva sp. 1 6.75 ± 1.64 11.94 ± 4.46 1.67 ± 0.68 7.31 ± 4.09 0.03 ± 0.03 0.08 ± 0.06 0.17 ± 0.07 0.17 ± 0.06 0.03 ± 0.03
 Ulva sp. 3 2.83 ± 1.54 0.67 ± 0.32   4.22 ± 2.92   0.22 ± 0.22 0.81 ± 0.78   
 Ulva sp. 3 0.03 ± 0.03 0.33 ± 0.06 0.42 ± 0.05 0.08 ± 0.06 0.19 ± 0.08 0.22 ± 0.12    0.03 ± 0.03
Invertebrates
 Actinia equina     0.06 ± 0.06 0.19 ± 0.08 0.11 ± 0.11    
 Amphipoda 1.78 ± 0.24 0.33 ± 0.06 0.42 ± 0.05 0.03 ± 0.03   0.11 ± 0.05 0.03 ± 0.03 0.28 ± 0.06 0.56 ± 0.08
 Anemone   0.03 ± 0.03        
 Anurida maritima       0.08 ± 0.05    
 Balanus balanus 1.78 ± 0.24 0.86 ± 0.43      0.33 ± 0.17   
 Balanus crenatus        0.03 ± 0.03   
 Balanus improvisus 0.81 ± 0.16 1.25 ± 0.28   0.06 ± 0.06 0.67 ± 0.36   0.64 ± 0.12 0.28 ± 0.08  
 Carcinus maenas 0.61 ± 0.09 1.47 ± 0.17 0.17 ± 0.08 0.97 ± 0.22 0.89 ± 0.20 0.14 ± 0.08 0.61 ± 0.09 0.53 ± 0.08 0.42 ± 0.18
 Crassostrea gigas   1.25 ± 0.51 0.19 ± 0.09 0.22 ± 0.22    0.36 ± 0.24 1.56 ± 0.50  
 Cryptosula pallasiana 0.33 ± 0.20 0.58 ± 0.20 0.06 ± 0.06     0.31 ± 0.18 0.22 ± 0.22  
 Dynamena pumila 1.14 ± 0.37 1.72 ± 0.43 0.14 ± 0.05 0.28 ± 0.13 0.61 ± 0.29   1.72 ± 0.38 1.11 ± 0.34 0.17 ± 0.07
 Electra pilosa 3.22 ± 1.14 0.64 ± 0.14 0.03 ± 0.03 0.22 ± 0.10    0.22 ± 0.07 0.08 ± 0.05  
 Elminius modestus 0.33 ± 0.13 1.11 ± 0.23 1.83 ± 0.29 0.17 ± 0.07 0.94 ± 0.54 0.17 ± 0.07 0.36 ± 0.10 0.39 ± 0.10 0.31 ± 0.09
 Flustrellidra hispida 9.50 ± 1.05 16.67 ± 1.69 0.53 ± 0.28     0.14 ± 0.08   
 Gibbula cineraria        0.22 ± 0.12 0.03 ± 0.03  
 Hemigrapsus sp.    0.03 ± 0.03       
 Hydrozoa 0.08 ± 0.06 0.39 ± 0.22   0.03 ± 0.03    0.58 ± 0.50 0.11 ± 0.06  
 Isopoda 0.14 ± 0.05 0.17 ± 0.06 0.22 ± 0.06 0.03 ± 0.03 0.19 ± 0.06 0.19 ± 0.07 0.22 ± 0.06 0.22 ± 0.07 0.39 ± 0.06
 Janua pagenstecheri 0.86 ± 0.14 2.08 ± 0.32 0.08 ± 0.05     1.44 ± 0.28 0.75 ± 0.16  
 Laomedea flexuosa 0.03 ± 0.03 0.31 ± 0.08 0.08 ± 0.05 0.36 ± 0.10 0.69 ± 0.24   0.36 ± 0.09 0.58 ± 0.07 0.14 ± 0.05
 Littorina littorea 0.28 ± 0.12 0.28 ± 0.13 0.33 ± 0.14 8.89 ± 3.09 0.39 ± 0.28   2.31 ± 0.58 5.00 ± 0.82 0.56 ± 0.39
 Littorina obtusata 0.50 ± 0.13 0.58 ± 0.09 0.50 ± 0.17 0.47 ± 0.09 0.81 ± 0.15 0.17 ± 0.06 0.61 ± 0.12 0.75 ± 0.14 0.75 ± 0.17
 Littorina saxatilis   0.11 ± 0.05 0.31 ± 0.08 0.06 ± 0.04 0.08 ± 0.05 0.08 ± 0.05 0.08 ± 0.05 0.08 ± 0.05 0.03 ± 0.03
 Mytilus edulis 0.19 ± 0.08 0.72 ± 0.16 0.17 ± 0.07 0.03 ± 0.03   0.11 ± 0.08 0.17 ± 0.07 0.42 ± 0.08 0.17 ± 0.09
 Pilumnus hirtellus   0.03 ± 0.03        
 Pomatoceros triqueter 0.03 ± 0.03       0.03 ± 0.03   
 Sargatia sp.     0.17 ± 0.07 0.89 ± 0.23 0.17 ± 0.08 0.06 ± 0.04 0.06 ± 0.04 0.03 ± 0.03
 Sargatiogeton sp.     0.33 ± 0.07 1.00 ± 0.17 0.08 ± 0.06 0.14 ± 0.05 0.14 ± 0.07 0.06 ± 0.04
 Semibalanus balanoides 0.83 ± 0.20 11.33 ± 1.75 8.11 ± 1.40 0.31 ± 0.09 1.25 ± 0.59 1.08 ± 0.41 3.08 ± 0.75 7.17 ± 1.74 7.11 ± 2.09
 Spionidae     0.14 ± 0.05 0.19 ± 0.06   0.11 ± 0.05 0.11 ± 0.05 0.03 ± 0.03
 Spirorbis spirorbis 0.14 ± 0.08       0.06 ± 0.06   
 Verruca stroemia 10.61 ± 2.45 0.81 ± 0.31   0.03 ± 0.03      
 Worms   0.03 ± 0.03   0.08 ± 0.06    0.03 ± 0.03   0.06 ± 0.06
  1. Blanks represent zero abundance
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